{"id":1419,"date":"2016-03-12T11:56:35","date_gmt":"2016-03-12T10:56:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/?p=1419"},"modified":"2016-03-12T11:56:47","modified_gmt":"2016-03-12T10:56:47","slug":"turecko-mezi-mlynskymi-kameny","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/?p=1419","title":{"rendered":"Turecko mezi ml\u00fdnsk\u00fdmi kameny"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ioannis Michaletos<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

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Za prv\u00e9 a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm, Turecko je jedinou muslimskou zem\u00ed zalo\u017eenou na struktu\u0159e a principech z\u00e1padn\u00edch st\u00e1t\u016f Kemalem Atat\u00fcrkem po p\u00e1du Osmansk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

To byl unik\u00e1tn\u00ed stav, kter\u00fd zemi v\u00fdznamn\u011b pomohl k\u00a0tomu, aby byla na za\u010d\u00e1tku pades\u00e1t\u00fdch let p\u0159ijata do z\u00e1padn\u00edch politicko-vojensk\u00fdch struktur NATO.<\/p>\n

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V\u00a0polovin\u011b devades\u00e1t\u00fdch let za\u010dal im\u00e1m Fethullah G\u00fcllen, um\u00edrn\u011bn\u00fd isl\u00e1msk\u00fd u\u010denec a jeho n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 hnut\u00ed Hizmet, z\u00edsk\u00e1vat v\u00fdznamn\u00fd po\u010det n\u00e1sledovn\u00edk\u016f mezi \u010dleny tureck\u00e9 samospr\u00e1vy, policie, soudnictv\u00ed a arm\u00e1dy.<\/p>\n

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Na za\u010d\u00e1tku roku 2000 byla v\u00a0Turecku vytvo\u0159en\u00e1 isl\u00e1msk\u00e1 strana (AKP) a v\u00a0roce 2003 byl RT Erdogan, b\u00fdval\u00fd starosta Istanbulu, zvolen jako prvn\u00ed islamistick\u00fd premi\u00e9r Turecka, slibuj\u00edc boj proti korupci a nab\u00edzej\u00edc\u00ed lep\u0161\u00ed \u017eivot chud\u00fdm tureck\u00fdm lidem, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou vylou\u010deni z \u201eelitn\u00ed politiky\u201c a kte\u0159\u00ed \u017eili p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b ve st\u0159edn\u00ed a v\u00fdchodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti zem\u011b.\u00a0 Im\u00e1m G\u00fclen a jeho hnut\u00ed m\u011bli b\u00fdt p\u016fvodn\u011b Erdoganovou prvn\u00ed inspirac\u00ed, ov\u0161em pozd\u011bji se stanou soupe\u0159i. Bylo jasn\u00e9, \u017ee Erdogan p\u0159ijal radik\u00e1ln\u00ed isl\u00e1m, nam\u00edsto um\u00edrn\u011bn\u00e9ho typu isl\u00e1mu hl\u00e1san\u00e9ho im\u00e1mem G\u00fclenem.<\/p>\n

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Politick\u00e1 moc Erdogana poch\u00e1z\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inou od n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9, konzervativn\u00ed a zaostal\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti tureck\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti.\u00a0 Erdoganov\u00fdm skute\u010dn\u00fdm pl\u00e1nem bylo nejen transformovat Turecko do isl\u00e1msk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu, ale i obnovit slavnou minulost Osmansk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e t\u00edm, \u017ee u\u010din\u00ed z\u00a0Turecka region\u00e1ln\u00ed velmoc a zast\u00e1nce isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 v\u00edry. Erdogan byl p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den, \u017ee s\u00a0alianc\u00ed a podporou Muslimsk\u00e9ho bratrstva, Kataru a Sa\u00fadsk\u00e9 Ar\u00e1bie by mohl p\u0159etvo\u0159it St\u0159edn\u00ed v\u00fdchod a kontrolovat ho, navzdory pl\u00e1n\u016fm Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f a Ruska.<\/p>\n

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Obvykl\u00fdm nep\u0159\u00edtelem v\u0161ech t\u0159\u00ed (od svr\u017een\u00ed Muslimsk\u00e9ho bratrstva v\u00a0Egypt\u011b) a por\u00e1\u017ekou jejich pl\u00e1n\u016f byl \u0161\u00editsk\u00fd \u00cdr\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

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\u00cdr\u00e1n m\u011bl jadern\u00e9 ambice a byl p\u0159ipraven porazit sunnitsk\u00e9 monarchie Persk\u00e9ho z\u00e1livu, ale je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce podporovat Asada v\u00a0S\u00fdrii prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm arm\u00e1dy v\u00a0zastoupen\u00ed, Hizball\u00e1hu z\u00a0Libanonu. Pro Katar, Sa\u00fadskou Ar\u00e1bii a Turecko byla tato hrozba v\u00e1\u017en\u00e1 a bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed a tak se rozhodli jednat.<\/p>\n

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Domn\u00edvali se, \u017ee nejbezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed by bylo vytvo\u0159it vlastn\u00ed arm\u00e1du v\u00a0zastoupen\u00ed, za \u00fa\u010delem boje proti \u00cdr\u00e1nu a Asadovi, proto\u017ee p\u0159\u00edm\u00e1 invaze do suver\u00e9nn\u00edho st\u00e1tu by p\u0159inesla\u00a0celou \u0159adou vojensk\u00fdch a politick\u00fdch rizik, tak\u017ee podporovali ISIL a dal\u0161\u00ed skupiny, jako je Al-Nusra.<\/p>\n

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Ankara<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Zd\u00e1lo se, \u017ee pl\u00e1n zpo\u010d\u00e1tku funguje, ekonomika byla dobr\u00e1, kampa\u0148 ISIL v\u00a0S\u00fdrii a Ir\u00e1ku v\u00edt\u011bzila a Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty nem\u011bly v\u00a0t\u00e9 dob\u011b v t\u00e9to z\u00e1le\u017eitosti jasnou politiku. Turecko necht\u011blo odhalit sv\u00e9 skute\u010dn\u00e9 z\u00e1m\u011bry a otev\u0159en\u011b konfrontovat Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty na St\u0159edn\u00edm v\u00fdchod\u011b, tak se Ankara rozhodla v\u00fdrazn\u011b pos\u00edlit svou tajnou slu\u017ebu MIT za \u00fa\u010delem prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed tajn\u00fdch operac\u00ed v\u00a0S\u00fdrii.<\/p>\n

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Mu\u017eem pro tuhle pr\u00e1ci byl \u0159editel v\u00a0MIT Dr. Hakan Fidan, vhodn\u00e1 osoba pro \u0161pinavou pr\u00e1ci. Dr. Fidan je v\u016fbec pokl\u00e1d\u00e1n za extr\u00e9mn\u011b nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka bez z\u00e1bran. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, \u017ee Erdogan neopomenul vyu\u017e\u00edt a z\u00edskat osobn\u00ed zisk skrz sv\u00e9ho syna Bilana z pa\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed s ISIL\u00a0 a nejedn\u00e1 se o \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 spekulace, ale o skute\u010dn\u00fd soudn\u00ed proces, kter\u00fd v\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b prob\u00edh\u00e1 v\u00a0It\u00e1lii s\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdmi mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edmi vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00edmi glob\u00e1ln\u00edho rozsahu.<\/p>\n

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Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee korupce na St\u0159edn\u00edm v\u00fdchod\u011b je \u201eendogenn\u00ed\u201c, dokonce i mezi n\u00e1bo\u017eensky zalo\u017een\u00fdmi lidmi. Erdogan se p\u0159esunul se na m\u00edsto prezidenta a jmenoval nov\u00e9ho premi\u00e9ra Ahmeda Davutoglu.<\/p>\n

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Na dom\u00e1c\u00ed sc\u00e9n\u011b pot\u0159eboval Erdogan zajistit \u00fa\u0159edn\u00ed moc t\u00edm, \u017ee by Turecko z\u00a0parlamentn\u00ed republiky transformoval do \u201eautokratick\u00e9 prezidentsk\u00e9 republiky\u201c.<\/p>\n

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Aby se mohl st\u00e1t autokratick\u00fdm prezidentem, pot\u0159eboval zm\u011bnit \u00fastavu a m\u00edt velkou v\u011bt\u0161inu v\u00a0parlamentu, nicm\u00e9n\u011b v\u00fdsledek kandid\u00e1tek nedopadl v\u00a0jeho prosp\u011bch, proto\u017ee nez\u00edskal dost k\u0159esel ke zm\u011bn\u011b \u00fastavy. Alternativou bylo usilovat o referendum. Bohu\u017eel pro pana Erdogana, rok 2015 byl rokem, kdy se v\u0161echny jeho pl\u00e1ny prom\u011bnily v\u00a0katastrofu.<\/p>\n

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Cena ropy se zhroutila, co\u017e znamenalo, \u017ee financov\u00e1n\u00ed ISIL je nyn\u00ed obt\u00ed\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, zat\u00edmco Sa\u00fadov\u00e9 otev\u00edraj\u00ed novou frontu v\u00a0Jemenu, kter\u00e1 stoj\u00ed jejich st\u00e1t m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b asi o 6 miliard v\u00edce. Od roku 2014 ISIL p\u0159edvedl sv\u011btu, \u017ee nen\u00ed ni\u010d\u00edm jin\u00fdm, ne\u017e bandou krve\u017e\u00edzniv\u00fdch krimin\u00e1ln\u00edk\u016f, p\u0159edst\u00edraj\u00edc\u00edch slu\u017ebu All\u00e1hovi. V\u00a0d\u016fsledku toho se mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spole\u010denstv\u00ed rozhodlo proti ISIL zakro\u010dit a zni\u010dit ho.<\/p>\n

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Tato zm\u011bna postoje dala Rusku a \u00cdr\u00e1nu z\u00e1minku pro vojensk\u00e9 akce v\u00a0syrsk\u00e9m konfliktu. \u00cdr\u00e1nu se sv\u00fdmi revolu\u010dn\u00edmi gardami a Rusku s\u00a0jeho leteck\u00fdmi \u00fadery a vojenskou pomoc\u00ed Asadovi, stejn\u011b jako \u0161\u00editsk\u00fdm milic\u00edm, rekrutuj\u00edc\u00edm se z\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch zem\u00ed MENA.<\/p>\n

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Turecko prohr\u00e1valo t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161e, hlavn\u00edm probl\u00e9mem byly rusk\u00e9 n\u00e1lety a vojensk\u00e9 dod\u00e1vky pro Asada, kter\u00e9 by mohly zni\u010dit ISIL a v\u0161echny tureck\u00e9 pl\u00e1ny v\u00a0S\u00fdrii.<\/p>\n

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To byl ten rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed okam\u017eik, kdy se Ankara rozhodla zatla\u010dit sest\u0159elen\u00edm rusk\u00e9ho trysk\u00e1\u010de.\u00a0 Erdogan si myslel, \u017ee jako \u010dlen NATO m\u016f\u017ee bez rizika sest\u0159elit rusk\u00e9 letadlo pod z\u00e1minkou naru\u0161en\u00ed vzdu\u0161n\u00e9ho prostoru v\u00a0nad\u011bji, \u017ee vytvo\u0159en\u00edm vysok\u00e9ho nap\u011bt\u00ed s\u00a0Ruskem vyu\u017eije silnou podporu ze strany zem\u00ed NATO a konkr\u00e9tn\u011bji Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f za \u00fa\u010delem neutralizovat ruskou podporu Asadovi.<\/p>\n

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K\u00a0jeho velk\u00e9mu zklam\u00e1n\u00ed se ale mohl t\u011b\u0161it pouze z verb\u00e1ln\u00ed podpory a ni\u010d\u00edm v\u00edce, z\u016fstal s\u00e1m. Ture\u010dt\u00ed spojenci v\u00a0z\u00e1padn\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b t\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem vyjad\u0159uj\u00ed sv\u016fj odpor k\u00a0majest\u00e1tn\u00edmu projektu Erdogana a rozhodn\u011b d\u00e1vaj\u00ed najevo, \u017ee u\u017e to d\u00e9le sn\u00e1\u0161et nebudou.<\/p>\n

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Tahle zpr\u00e1va byla p\u0159ijata nejen v\u00a0Turecku; ale obdr\u017eeli j\u00ed tak\u00e9 v\u00a0Moskv\u011b, Rij\u00e1du a Kataru.<\/p>\n

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Od za\u010d\u00e1tku sv\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy v\u00a0roce 2003 se Erdogan ukazoval jako nespolehliv\u00fd pro USA i NATO, ale po roce 2012 se stal skute\u010dn\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem pro ka\u017ed\u00e9ho. Arogantn\u00ed, nestabiln\u00ed, nep\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00fd, zkr\u00e1tka skute\u010dn\u00e1 ne\u0159\u00edzen\u00e1 st\u0159ela.<\/p>\n

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V\u00a0odvet\u011b za leteck\u00fd incident Rusko zru\u0161ilo v\u0161echny ekonomick\u00e9 operace a projekty s\u00a0Tureckem. Mezit\u00edm zp\u016fsobilo posilov\u00e1n\u00ed dolaru v\u016f\u010di euru dal\u0161\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed v\u00a0tureck\u00e9m hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed, kter\u00e9 dov\u00e1\u017e\u00ed p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b v\u00a0dolarech a vyv\u00e1\u017e\u00ed za eura a m\u00e1 tradi\u010dn\u011b vysok\u00fd deficit. V\u00a0d\u016fsledku toho se za\u010dala dusit ekonomika zem\u011b. Na ji\u017en\u00edch hranic\u00edch Turecka se S\u00fdri\u00ed na\u0161ly \u00fakryt p\u0159ed v\u00e1lkou miliony syrsk\u00fdch uprchl\u00edk\u016f, spole\u010dn\u011b s\u00a0n\u011bkolika miliony neleg\u00e1ln\u00edch p\u0159ist\u011bhovalc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed byli vyhn\u00e1ni do Turecka prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm politiky uvoln\u011bn\u00ed v\u00edzov\u00e9ho re\u017eimu v\u00a0posledn\u00edch deseti letech, co\u017e je projekt, b\u011b\u017e\u00edc\u00ed soub\u011b\u017en\u011b s\u00a0takzvan\u00fdm \u201eisl\u00e1msk\u00fdch schengensk\u00fdm prostorem\u201c.<\/p>\n

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Vzhledem k\u00a0tomu, \u017ee Erdoganovi nic jin\u00e9ho nefungovalo, rozhodnul se, \u017ee by mohl t\u011bchto lid\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edt jako n\u00e1stroje pro n\u00e1tlak na Evropu a NATO, podporou a organizov\u00e1n\u00edm pr\u016fchodu uprchl\u00edk\u016f a p\u0159ist\u011bhovalc\u016f do Evropy, s\u00a0p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00fdm odhadem 1,2 milionu v\u00a0roce 2015 a dal\u0161\u00edch podobn\u00fdch po\u010dt\u016f o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fdch v\u00a0roce 2016.<\/p>\n

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Je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee p\u0159ekupn\u00edci a tureck\u00e9 org\u00e1ny spolupracuj\u00ed. Je nemo\u017en\u00e9, aby minul\u00fd rok p\u0159e\u0161lo v\u00edce ne\u017e milion lid\u00ed od ji\u017en\u00edch hranic Turecka k\u00a0v\u00fdchodn\u00edmu pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed Egejsk\u00e9ho mo\u0159e a m\u00edstn\u00ed org\u00e1ny si toho nev\u0161\u00edmaly.<\/p>\n

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Jeho c\u00edlem je vyd\u00edrat Evropu o finan\u010dn\u00ed pomoc, bezv\u00edzov\u00fd styk tureck\u00fdch ob\u010dan\u016f, pokrok ve vstupu do EU, z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed podpory Evropy na prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00edch jedn\u00e1n\u00edch o S\u00fdrii a pomoc d\u017eih\u00e1distick\u00fdm terorist\u016fm infiltrovat Evropskou unii.<\/p>\n

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Tak\u00e9 si p\u0159eje pokra\u010dovat ve sv\u00e9m pl\u00e1nu islamizovat Balk\u00e1n takovou m\u011brou, jakou umo\u017e\u0148uje masov\u00e1 imigrace.<\/p>\n

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Podle reakc\u00ed evropsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed na problematiku imigrace nejsp\u00ed\u0161 odhaduje, \u017ee v\u00a0zem\u00edch z\u00e1padn\u00ed Evropy asi nebudou p\u0159ijati v\u0161ichni emigranti a \u0159ada z\u00a0nich najde domov pobl\u00ed\u017e balk\u00e1nsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nejsou muslimsk\u00e9.<\/p>\n

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Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b budouc\u00ed investice v\u00a0t\u011bchto zem\u00edch v\u00a0nich zv\u00fd\u0161i vliv Turecka.<\/p>\n

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Erdogan je zdrojem nestability a neust\u00e1lou hrozbou pro m\u00edr v\u00a0t\u00e9to \u010d\u00e1sti sv\u011bta, je rozhodn\u011b sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed probl\u00e9mu a nikoliv sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, ale nikdo zd\u00e1 se nev\u00ed, jak se s\u00a0n\u00edm vypo\u0159\u00e1dat. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b nov\u00e1 i star\u00e1 historie u\u010d\u00ed, \u017ee kdykoliv je okrajov\u00e1 mocnost p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 siln\u00e1 a jej\u00ed \u010dinnost ohro\u017euje \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1jmy \u201evelk\u00fdch mocnost\u00ed\u201c, ty se pot\u00e9 zapoj\u00ed do situace, kterou lze nejl\u00e9pe popsat jako ocitnout se \u201emezi ml\u00fdnsk\u00fdmi kameny\u201c. \u00a0V\u00a0t\u00e9to dramatick\u00e9 situaci dom\u00e1c\u00edch ot\u0159es\u016f \u010d\u00e1st elity bezpochyby pozn\u00e1 sp\u00e1chan\u00e9 hlouposti, stejn\u011b tak pobou\u0159en\u00e1 ve\u0159ejnost.<\/p>\n

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P\u0159eklad Messin<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

Zdroj: http:\/\/serbianna.com\/analysis\/archives\/3222<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ioannis Michaletos Za prv\u00e9 a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm, Turecko je jedinou muslimskou zem\u00ed zalo\u017eenou na struktu\u0159e a principech z\u00e1padn\u00edch st\u00e1t\u016f Kemalem Atat\u00fcrkem po p\u00e1du Osmansk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e. \u00a0 To byl unik\u00e1tn\u00ed stav, kter\u00fd zemi v\u00fdznamn\u011b pomohl k\u00a0tomu, aby…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":175,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[23],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1419"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1419"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1419\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1420,"href":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1419\/revisions\/1420"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/175"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1419"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1419"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1419"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}