{"id":253,"date":"2006-10-31T16:23:43","date_gmt":"2006-10-31T15:23:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/messin.tode.cz\/?p=253"},"modified":"2006-10-31T16:23:43","modified_gmt":"2006-10-31T15:23:43","slug":"misto-kde-se-rodi-zlo-cesta-na-guantanamo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/?p=253","title":{"rendered":"M\u00edsto, kde se rod\u00ed zlo \u2013 Cesta na Guant\u00e1namo"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Div\u00e1ci leto\u0161n\u00edho karlovarsk\u00e9ho festivalu m\u011bli mo\u017enost shl\u00e9dnout nov\u00fd film re\u017eis\u00e9r\u016f Michaela Winterbottoma a Mata Whitecrosse Cesta na Guant\u00e1namo (Road to Guant\u00e1namo). Tento sn\u00edmek byl na berl\u00ednsk\u00e9m filmov\u00e9m festivalu ocen\u011bn st\u0159\u00edbrn\u00fdm medv\u011bdem za re\u017eii. Takov\u00e9 ocen\u011bn\u00ed nen\u00ed n\u00e1hodn\u00e9: film toti\u017e z\u00e1sadn\u00edm zp\u016fsobem odhaluje n\u011bkter\u00e9 skr\u00fdvan\u00e9 ostudn\u00e9 jevy euroamerick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. Nadto je i zaj\u00edmav\u00fdm filma\u0159sk\u00fdm po\u010dinem, ve kter\u00e9m se tv\u016frc\u016fm poda\u0159ilo v\u00fdte\u010dn\u011b skloubit filmov\u00e9 drama s dokumentem.<\/p>\n

Cesta na Guant\u00e1namo v n\u011bkter\u00fdch momentech navazuje na Winterbottom\u016fv film z roku 2002 Na tomto sv\u011bt\u011b (In This World). Oba filmy jsou nato\u010deny podle skute\u010dn\u00fdch ud\u00e1lost\u00ed a pod\u00e1vaj\u00ed v obecn\u00e9 rovin\u011b sv\u011bdectv\u00ed o euroamerick\u00e9m rasismu a aroganci. Zat\u00edmco prvn\u00ed z nich se v\u011bnuje t\u00e9matu ekonomick\u00e9 migrace a nelidsk\u00fdch podm\u00ednek uprchl\u00edk\u016f na jejich cest\u011b za \u201esvobodou\u201c, druh\u00fd sn\u00edmek se vrac\u00ed k americk\u00e9 v\u00e1lce v Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu a pod\u00e1v\u00e1 sv\u011bdectv\u00ed o nelidsk\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch \u017eivota lid\u00ed, o kter\u00fdch George W. Bush mluv\u00ed jako o \u201ereally bad guys\u201c. Jedn\u00e1 se o mu\u017ee, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou americkou administrativou pova\u017eov\u00e1ni za potencion\u00e1ln\u00ed teroristy, o mu\u017ee, kte\u0159\u00ed byli n\u00e1siln\u011b vyvle\u010deni ze sv\u00fdch domov\u016f, o mu\u017ee, kte\u0159\u00ed se mnohdy provinili t\u00edm, \u017ee mluv\u00ed anglicky. Film Cesta na Guant\u00e1namo sleduje cestu \u010dty\u0159 britsk\u00fdch muslim\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed nedlouho po p\u00e1du newyorsk\u00fdch dvoj\u010dat odj\u00ed\u017ed\u011bj\u00ed na svatbu jednoho z nich, Asifa, do P\u00e1kist\u00e1nu. Ve filmu je kladen d\u016fraz na sled ud\u00e1lost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 \u010dtve\u0159ici zavedou p\u0159es P\u00e1kist\u00e1n a Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1n a\u017e do americk\u00e9ho vojensk\u00e9ho t\u00e1bora v z\u00e1livu Guant\u00e1namo na Kub\u011b. Filma\u0159\u016fm se poda\u0159ilo ponechat politick\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti inkriminovan\u00e9ho obdob\u00ed mimo z\u00e1b\u011br d\u011bje, ani\u017e by t\u00edm zaml\u017eili v\u00fdpov\u011bdn\u00ed hodnotu p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu v jeho \u0161ir\u0161\u00edch souvislostech. Film stav\u00ed na siln\u00e9m a tragick\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch \u010dty\u0159 lid\u00ed, kter\u00fd obraz americk\u00e9ho \u201ev\u00edt\u011bzn\u00e9ho\u201c ta\u017een\u00ed proti terorismu stav\u00ed do jin\u00e9ho sv\u011btla, ne\u017e jak\u00e9 n\u00e1m je p\u0159edkl\u00e1d\u00e1no medi\u00e1ln\u00edm zpravodajstv\u00edm. Siln\u00fdm momentem sn\u00edmku je p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm mor\u00e1ln\u00ed ot\u0159es a probuzen\u00ed do reality sv\u011bta, kter\u00fd slovy jednoho z hrdin\u016f filmu \u201enen\u00ed hezk\u00e9 m\u00edsto pro \u017eivot\u201c. P\u016fsobiv\u00e9 je tak\u00e9 to, \u017ee tv\u016frci dokumentuj\u00ed dokument\u00e1rn\u00ed rozhovory s autentick\u00fdmi postavami, kter\u00fdm se zobrazen\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh skute\u010dn\u011b stal, s hran\u00fdmi pas\u00e1\u017eemi, ve kter\u00fdch je obrazov\u011b ztv\u00e1rn\u011bna hr\u016fza, kter\u00e1 je v zajet\u00ed Ameri\u010dan\u016f a jejich spojenc\u016f potkala.<\/p>\n

Po p\u0159\u00edjezdu do P\u00e1kist\u00e1nu se mlad\u00edci nechaj\u00ed strhnout \u010derstvou protiamerickou atmosf\u00e9rou a odj\u00ed\u017ed\u00ed do Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu na v\u00fdraz pomoci a podpory afgh\u00e1nsk\u00e9mu lidu. V polovin\u011b \u0159\u00edjna se bez rozmyslu a v\u00edcem\u00e9n\u011b bez jasn\u00e9ho a konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho c\u00edle vyd\u00e1vaj\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b s Asifov\u00fdm bratrancem Zahidem sm\u011brem k afgh\u00e1nsk\u00fdm hranic\u00edm. Jejich cesta vede p\u0159es Kandah\u00e1r, kde je zastihne americk\u00e9 bombardov\u00e1n\u00ed, do K\u00e1bulu. Osudn\u00fdm se jim st\u00e1v\u00e1, kdy\u017e po t\u00fddnech nicned\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed nasednou do autobusu v domn\u011bn\u00ed, \u017ee je veze zp\u011bt k p\u00e1kist\u00e1nsk\u00fdm hranic\u00edm. M\u00edsto v P\u00e1kist\u00e1nu se ov\u0161em ocitnou v provincii Kunduz, odkud u\u017e nen\u00ed kv\u016fli v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9mu stavu cesty zp\u011bt. Ve zmatku p\u0159i jednom z n\u00e1let\u016f a rychl\u00e9 evakuaci vesnice se rozd\u011bl\u00ed a ztrat\u00ed jednoho ze skupiny, Monira, o kter\u00e9m dodnes nejsou \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy. Jsou zat\u010deni Severn\u00ed alianc\u00ed, kter\u00e1 je v p\u0159epln\u011bn\u00fdch n\u00e1kladn\u00edch kontejnerech bez zdroje vzduchu p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017e\u00ed do v\u011bznice Mazar-e-Sharif. (V t\u00e9to souvislosti doporu\u010duji star\u0161\u00ed text <\/em>Masakr v Maz\u00e1re<\/em><\/a> pozn. mess)<\/em> Forma p\u0159evozu zajat\u00fdch p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 nejhor\u0161\u00ed mysliteln\u00e9 metody zach\u00e1zen\u00ed s lidmi: nedostatek vzduchu, absence vody, j\u00eddla a nakonec jak\u00e9si ohled\u00e1n\u00ed, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina deportovan\u00fdch nep\u0159e\u017eila! P\u0159es v\u011bznici Sheberghan na severu Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu, kde z\u016fstal bratranec Zahid, se dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed do americk\u00e9ho zajet\u00ed na z\u00e1kladn\u011b v Kandah\u00e1ru. Jejich po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed, \u017ee vzhledem k jejich evidentn\u00ed nevin\u011b budou brzy propu\u0161t\u011bni, se rozpl\u00fdv\u00e1 p\u0159i prvn\u00edm setk\u00e1n\u00ed s americk\u00fdm vy\u0161et\u0159ovatelem, kter\u00fd v\u0161echny t\u0159i zbyl\u00e9 kamar\u00e1dy obvin\u00ed ze spolupr\u00e1ce s Al-Kajdou. Z\u00e1b\u011bry \u0159ady mu\u017e\u016f s pytli na hlav\u00e1ch a \u010d\u00edsly nadm\u00edru p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed jin\u00e9 z\u00e1b\u011bry, kter\u00e9 jsou dodnes no\u010dn\u00ed m\u016frou Evropan\u016f. T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 komicky pak p\u016fsob\u00ed v\u00e1\u017en\u011b m\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky vy\u0161et\u0159ovatel\u016f po m\u00edst\u011b \u00fakrytu Bin L\u00e1dina.<\/p>\n

Systematick\u00e9 mu\u010den\u00ed a psychick\u00e9 t\u00fdr\u00e1n\u00ed pokra\u010duje i ve v\u011bznici na Guant\u00e1namu, kter\u00e9 je v prost\u0159iz\u00edch \u0161pikov\u00e1no tvrzen\u00edm Donalda Rumsfelda o hum\u00e1nn\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch v\u011bz\u0148\u016f na americk\u00e9 z\u00e1kladn\u011b. Beznad\u011bj trojice mlad\u00fdch mu\u017e\u016f neukon\u010d\u00ed ani setk\u00e1n\u00ed s mu\u017eem z britsk\u00e9 ambas\u00e1dy, kter\u00fd zkratkovit\u011b spojuje jejich drobn\u00e9 p\u0159estupky, za kter\u00e9 byli odsouzeni k podm\u00ednce ve Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii, s jejich fale\u0161n\u00fdm obvin\u011bn\u00edm s terorismu. Asi po roce v\u00fdslech\u016f jsou Asifovi, Ruhelovi a Shariqovi p\u0159edlo\u017eeny \u201ed\u016fkazy\u201c o jejich napojen\u00ed na Al-Kajdu. Zcela dogmaticky pak p\u016fsob\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159ovatelka v t\u00e1bo\u0159e Delta, kter\u00e1 je p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010duje, \u017ee je identifikovala na \u0161patn\u011b rozli\u0161iteln\u00fdch nahr\u00e1vk\u00e1ch ze setk\u00e1n\u00ed s Bin L\u00e1dinem v Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu v roce 2000, v dob\u011b, kterou v\u0161ichni t\u0159i str\u00e1vili zcela prokazateln\u011b ve Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii. V\u0161ichni jsou pak um\u00edst\u011bni na izolaci a vystaveni dal\u0161\u00edmu mu\u010den\u00ed, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1 jedin\u00fd c\u00edl \u2013 vyml\u00e1tit z nich p\u0159izn\u00e1n\u00ed. Teprve po v\u00edce ne\u017e roce a \u010dtvrt jsou shled\u00e1ni nevinn\u00fdmi, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e jim za celou dobu nebyl p\u0159edlo\u017een jedin\u00fd prokazateln\u00fd d\u016fkaz, nem\u011bli mo\u017enost prok\u00e1zat sv\u00e9 alibi, nato\u017e setkat se s pr\u00e1vn\u00edkem. Jako p\u0159\u00edzna\u010dn\u00e1 perli\u010dka na dortu pak zn\u00ed nab\u00eddka na spolupr\u00e1ci s americkou tajnou slu\u017ebou. \u010ctvrt\u00fd z p\u0159\u00e1tel Zahid byl propu\u0161t\u011bn z v\u011bznice Sheberghan a\u017e v \u010dervenci 2005.<\/p>\n

Cel\u00fd film se rozum br\u00e1n\u00ed uv\u011b\u0159it tomu, co mu b\u011b\u017e\u00ed p\u0159ed o\u010dima, podobn\u011b jako bylo obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 uv\u011b\u0159it z\u00e1b\u011br\u016fm z nacistick\u00fdch koncentra\u010dn\u00edch t\u00e1bor\u016f. Cesta na Guant\u00e1namo zachycuje cestu pouze 4 mu\u017e\u016f, na americk\u00e9 z\u00e1kladn\u011b na Guant\u00e1namu bylo ale v pr\u016fb\u011bhu posledn\u00edch let uv\u011bzn\u011bno v\u00edce ne\u017e 750 lid\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e tam st\u00e1le z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159es 400 z nich. Obvin\u011bno bylo pouze 10z nich, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e nikdo nebyl shled\u00e1n vinn\u00fdm. T\u011b\u017eko se pak v\u011b\u0159\u00ed prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00edm Bushovy administrativy o hum\u00e1nnosti a adekv\u00e1tnosti vy\u0161et\u0159ovatelsk\u00fdch praktik, o \u017denevsk\u00fdch konvenc\u00edch a zach\u00e1zen\u00ed s v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdmi zajatci ani nemluv\u011b. Po shl\u00e9dnut\u00ed tohoto filmu nezb\u00fdv\u00e1 ne\u017e souhlasit s Michaelem Moorem, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o mocn\u00fd film, kter\u00fd by m\u011bl vid\u011bt ka\u017ed\u00fd americk\u00fd voli\u010d. Nadto lze jen dodat, \u017ee v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b \u010cech\u016f je tomu stejn\u011b tak.<\/p>\n

Cesta na Guant\u00e1namo (Road to Guant\u00e1namo)<\/em><\/p>\n

Re\u017eie: Michael Winterbottom, Mat Whitecross<\/em><\/p>\n

D\u00e9lka: 95 min<\/em><\/p>\n

Velk\u00e1 Brit\u00e1nie 2006<\/em><\/p>\n

\u010cl\u00e1nek vy\u0161el v periodiku Perspektivy (\u0159\u00edjen 2006)<\/em><\/p>\n

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\u00a9 2016 eStr\u00e1nky.cz<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Div\u00e1ci leto\u0161n\u00edho karlovarsk\u00e9ho festivalu m\u011bli mo\u017enost shl\u00e9dnout nov\u00fd film re\u017eis\u00e9r\u016f Michaela Winterbottoma a Mata Whitecrosse Cesta na Guant\u00e1namo (Road to Guant\u00e1namo). Tento sn\u00edmek byl na berl\u00ednsk\u00e9m filmov\u00e9m festivalu ocen\u011bn st\u0159\u00edbrn\u00fdm medv\u011bdem za re\u017eii. Takov\u00e9 ocen\u011bn\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":175,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[17],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/253"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=253"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/253\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/175"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=253"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=253"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=253"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}