{"id":564,"date":"2007-04-19T17:36:16","date_gmt":"2007-04-19T16:36:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/messin.tode.cz\/?p=564"},"modified":"2016-02-04T18:52:10","modified_gmt":"2016-02-04T17:52:10","slug":"eric-margolis-nekonecna-valka","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/?p=564","title":{"rendered":"Eric Margolis: Nekone\u010dn\u00e1 v\u00e1lka"},"content":{"rendered":"

Smrt \u0161esti kanadsk\u00fdch voj\u00e1k\u016f minulou ned\u011bli v\u00a0ji\u017en\u00edm Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu n\u00e1m p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 slavn\u00fd v\u00fdrok, \u017ee kdo si nepamatuje minulost, je odsouzen k jej\u00edmu opakov\u00e1n\u00ed (George Santayana).<\/p>\n

Voj\u00e1ci byli zabiti pobl\u00ed\u017e oblasti Maiwand, jej\u00ed\u017e jm\u00e9no v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b obyvatel Z\u00e1padu nic ne\u0159\u00edk\u00e1. Ale 27.\u010dervence 1880 tam b\u011bhem krvav\u00e9 druh\u00e9 afgh\u00e1nsk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky britsk\u00e9 Imp\u00e9rium utrp\u011blo jednu z\u00a0nejhor\u0161\u00edch por\u00e1\u017eek ve sv\u00e9 koloni\u00e1ln\u00ed historii.<\/p>\n

Dva roky p\u0159edt\u00edm napadla Raj (Britsk\u00e1 Indie<\/a>) podruh\u00e9 Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1n. Britov\u00e9 dosadili v\u00a0K\u00e1bulu a Kandah\u00e1ru k\u00a0moci afgh\u00e1nsk\u00e9 loutky.<\/p>\n

Ayub Khan, syn b\u00fdval\u00e9ho afgh\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho em\u00edra shrom\u00e1\u017edil 12.000 domorod\u00fdch bojovn\u00edk\u016f (v\u011bt\u0161inou Pa\u0161t\u00fan\u016f) k\u00a0boji proti britsk\u00e9 s\u00edle, jej\u00ed\u017e mis\u00ed bylo podle slov Lond\u00fdna \u201eosvobodit\u201c afgh\u00e1nsk\u00e9 kmeny a p\u0159in\u00e9st \u201esv\u011btlo k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 civilizace\u201c. Dne\u0161n\u00edm sloganem je \u201epodpora demokracie\u201c.<\/p>\n

Divoc\u00ed afgh\u00e1n\u0161t\u00ed bojovn\u00edci vzdorovali imperi\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edle, slo\u017een\u00e9 z\u00a0b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch britsk\u00fdch voj\u00e1k\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b namy\u0161len\u00fdch gran\u00e1tn\u00edk\u016f a indick\u00fdch voj\u00e1k\u016f v\u00a0britsk\u00fdch slu\u017eb\u00e1ch v\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed zu\u0159iv\u00e9 bitv\u011b. Britsk\u00fd arm\u00e1dn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159 Connan Doyle pou\u017eil pro svou postavu Dr. Watsona z\u00a0rom\u00e1n\u016f o Sherlocku Holmesovi jm\u00e9no sv\u00e9ho druha, bojuj\u00edc\u00edho u Maiwandu.<\/p>\n

Tohle epick\u00e9 afgh\u00e1nsk\u00e9 v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed proti britsk\u00e9mu kolonialismu p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1m, proto\u017ee porozum\u011bn\u00ed dne\u0161n\u00ed v\u00e1lce vy\u017eaduje n\u00e1le\u017eit\u00fd historick\u00fd kontext. Stolet\u00ed a \u010dtvrt po Maiwandu pokra\u010duj\u00ed pa\u0161t\u00fan\u0161t\u00ed bojovn\u00edci ji\u017en\u00edho Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu v\u00a0odporu v\u016f\u010di dal\u0161\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 velmoci a jej\u00edm spojenc\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed v\u011brn\u011b n\u00e1sleduj\u00ed strategii star\u00e9 britsk\u00e9 Raj.<\/p>\n

Invaze do Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu byla prod\u00e1v\u00e1na Ameri\u010dan\u016fm jako \u201eprotiteroristick\u00e1\u201c mise a \u00fasil\u00ed implantovat demokracii. Byla prod\u00e1v\u00e1na Kana\u010fan\u016fm jako u\u0161lechtil\u00e1 kampa\u0148 \u201ebudov\u00e1n\u00ed st\u00e1tu, rekonstrukce a ochrana pr\u00e1v \u017een\u201c.V\u0161echno to zn\u00ed p\u011bkn\u011b, ale z\u00a0v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti jsou to l\u017ei.<\/p>\n

Ve skute\u010dnosti vid\u00edme v\u00e1lku z\u00e1padn\u00edch sil, sna\u017e\u00edc\u00edch se ovl\u00e1dnout strategick\u00fd ropn\u00fd koridor Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu, nam\u00ed\u0159enou proti pa\u0161t\u00fansk\u00fdm lidem, kte\u0159\u00ed tvo\u0159\u00ed polovinu populace. Dal\u0161\u00edch 15 mili\u00f3n\u016f jich \u017eije hned za hranic\u00ed v\u00a0P\u00e1kist\u00e1nu. Co naz\u00fdv\u00e1me \u201eTaliban\u201c je v\u00a0podstat\u011b voln\u00e1 aliance pa\u0161t\u00fansk\u00fdch kmen\u016f a klan\u016f, spojen\u00fdch s\u00a0nacionalistick\u00fdmi silami a b\u00fdval\u00fdmi mud\u017e\u00e1hidy z\u00a0boj\u016f proti Sov\u011bt\u016fm v 80.letech.<\/p>\n

Minul\u00fd rok shledal v\u00a0Bruselu s\u00eddl\u00edc\u00ed Senlis<\/a> Institute \u2013 p\u0159edn\u00ed autorita na Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1n, \u017ee Taliban a jeho spojenci kontroluj\u00ed, nebo ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed polovinu n\u00e1roda \u2013 hrub\u011b odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed domorod\u00e9mu \u00fazem\u00ed Pa\u0161t\u00fan\u016f. Jeho studie rozhodn\u011b odporuje r\u016f\u017eov\u00fdm zpr\u00e1v\u00e1m o vojensk\u00e9m \u00fasp\u011bchu a \u201ebudov\u00e1n\u00ed st\u00e1tu\u201c z\u00a0Washingtonu a velitelstv\u00ed NATO.<\/p>\n

Tento t\u00fdden vydalo stejn\u00e9 poradn\u00ed st\u0159edisko \u0161okuj\u00edc\u00ed pr\u016fzkum, zalo\u017een\u00fd na 17.000 rozhovorech. \u201eAfgh\u00e1nci v\u00a0ji\u017en\u00edm Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu jsou vzr\u016fstaj\u00edc\u00ed m\u011brou p\u0159ipraveni p\u0159ipustit svou podporu Talibanu a d\u00e1le je mezi lidmi obecn\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159eno p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed, \u017ee vl\u00e1da a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spole\u010denstv\u00ed nebudou schopni Taliban porazit.\u201c<\/p>\n

Studie Senlis Institute se shoduje s\u00a0m\u00fdmi vlastn\u00edmi zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00edmi v\u00a0ji\u017en\u00ed Asii, kdy P\u00e1kist\u00e1n a Indie nez\u00e1visle usoudily, \u017ee NATO bude nakonec pora\u017eeno a ustoup\u00ed. USA nicm\u00e9n\u011b asi z\u016fstanou a pos\u00edl\u00ed sv\u00fdch 30.000 voj\u00e1k\u016f, proto\u017ee nemohou p\u0159ipustit druhou por\u00e1\u017eku po ir\u00e1ck\u00e9m debaklu.<\/p>\n

USA a NATO v\u00a0Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu nebojuj\u00ed proti \u201eterorist\u016fm\u201c ani si rozhodn\u011b nez\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edze\u0148 m\u00edstn\u00edch lid\u00ed. Bojuj\u00ed proti nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edmu domorod\u00e9mu kmenu na sv\u011bt\u011b. \u010c\u00edm d\u00e9le lid\u00e9 za Z\u00e1padu z\u016fstanou a budou bombardovat vesnice, t\u00edm v\u00edce bude vzr\u016fstat odpor. Tak nevyhnuteln\u011b jako v ka\u017ed\u00e9 guerillov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce, o kter\u00fdch jsem v\u00a0minulosti psal.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1padn\u00ed voj\u00e1ci jsou zakl\u00edn\u011bni v\u00a0tomto odporn\u00e9m guerillov\u00e9m konfliktu, stoj\u00edc\u00edm denn\u011b 2 miliardy dolar\u016f, kter\u00fd se st\u00e1v\u00e1 st\u00e1le v\u00edce brut\u00e1ln\u00edm, demoralizuj\u00edc\u00edm a n\u00e1siln\u00fdm. To je p\u0159esn\u011b to, se p\u0159ihodilo dal\u0161\u00edmu zat\u00edm posledn\u00edmu z\u00a0p\u0159edchoz\u00edch \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk\u016f na Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1n, Sov\u011btsk\u00e9mu svazu.<\/p>\n

Afgh\u00e1nsk\u00fd loutkov\u00fd re\u017eim prezidenta Karz\u00e1\u00edho kontroluje pouze hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto. Zbytek zem\u011b je pod vl\u00e1dou Talibanu, nebo kmenov\u00fdch n\u00e1\u010deln\u00edk\u016f, provozuj\u00edc\u00edch vr\u016fstaj\u00edc\u00ed obchod s\u00a0narkotiky, co\u017e \u010din\u00ed z NATO hlavn\u00edm obr\u00e1ncem vedouc\u00edho narkost\u00e1tu na sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/p>\n

Pokud 160.000 sov\u011btsk\u00fdch voj\u00e1k\u016f a 240.000 afgh\u00e1nsk\u00fdch komunistick\u00fdch voj\u00e1k\u016f nemohlo porazit Pa\u0161t\u00fany za deset let, jak se to m\u016f\u017ee poda\u0159it 50.000 voj\u00e1k\u016fm USA a NATO?<\/p>\n

Ti gener\u00e1lov\u00e9 a politici, kte\u0159\u00ed tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee tahle v\u00e1lka bude vyhr\u00e1na b\u011bhem p\u00e1r let, by si m\u011bli prostudovat Maiwand.<\/p>\n

P\u0159eklad Messin, 19.4. 2007 <\/em>Zdroj<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Smrt \u0161esti kanadsk\u00fdch voj\u00e1k\u016f minulou ned\u011bli v\u00a0ji\u017en\u00edm Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu n\u00e1m p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 slavn\u00fd v\u00fdrok, \u017ee kdo si nepamatuje minulost, je odsouzen k jej\u00edmu opakov\u00e1n\u00ed (George Santayana). Voj\u00e1ci byli zabiti pobl\u00ed\u017e oblasti Maiwand, jej\u00ed\u017e jm\u00e9no v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b obyvatel Z\u00e1padu…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":175,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[2],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/564"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=564"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/564\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1363,"href":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/564\/revisions\/1363"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/175"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=564"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=564"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/messin.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=564"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}